Glossary

Payment Processing Glossary

Plain-English definitions of the terms you'll meet when you apply for a merchant account, especially in a high-risk industry.

Billing descriptor

The business name customers see on their card statement next to your charge.

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Chargeback

When a cardholder disputes a payment with their bank and the money is pulled back from the merchant.

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Chargeback ratio

Chargebacks divided by transactions in a period, a number card networks watch closely.

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Friendly fraud

When a cardholder disputes a purchase they really made or authorized.

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High-risk merchant account

A processing account for businesses banks see as more likely to have chargebacks, fraud or regulatory issues.

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Interchange

The fee paid to the cardholder's bank on every card sale, usually the biggest part of processing costs.

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ISO (Independent Sales Organization)

A company registered through a sponsor bank to sell and support merchant accounts.

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MATCH list

Mastercard's database of merchants whose processing was terminated for certain reasons.

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Merchant category code (MCC)

The four-digit code that classifies what your business sells.

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Payment gateway

The technology that sends card details from your checkout to the processor and back.

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Rolling reserve

A share of each day's sales held for a set period, then released.

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Underwriting

The review a processor does before approving a merchant account and setting its terms.

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